Stock selection process
Thrivent Large Cap Value Fund outperformed the Russell 1000 Value index by more than 2.6% in five years ending June 30, 2024. The key to that success, explained Lauber, was the Fund’s stock selection process, which focuses on determining which stocks are likely to outperform market expectations of company returns in the years ahead.
“The most important lesson I’ve learned as a fund manager,” said Lauber, “is to do deep, fundamental work on names from the bottom up and to understand that good-return companies deserve higher valuations—and to find those returns that are not reflected in the stock price. That's the best way to add alpha.
“If investors expect really good returns and the valuations already reflect that, there's no opportunity,” he added. “We believe the best opportunity comes from finding companies that can deliver very good future returns that people aren't expecting.”
To identify those types of companies, Lauber focuses on components of return on invested capital: the ratio of sales-to-capital (capital turnover) and the ratio of operating profit to sales (margin). “The growth investors are just looking at the sales side of it. They just look at how big the market could be. We care about that, but we also care about the capital that is actually being put in to generate that sale and the profitability of every incremental sale.”
To identify detailed future returns, he asks Fund analysts to rank companies on operating performance, valuation and catalysts. The team focuses on the industry or company dynamics that could alter the sales landscape and impact future returns. “We’re looking for the key performance indicators that are going to unlock value. Since the stocks we’re analyzing usually come with lower expectations, we have to identify a catalyst that could change those expectations. Is it a product? Is it management? Is it the cycle? What’s going to unlock that value?”
They apply this strategy to stocks within every sector rather than focusing on chasing favorable sectors, Lauber explained. “We can go plus or minus any sector, but we're looking for these dislocations within each sector that lower our risk and provide greater opportunity.”
Once they’ve crunched the numbers and identified potential investments, they talk to management and do a deeper dive on the companies before making the final decision on whether to add those stocks to the portfolio.
When to sell
Determining which stocks to sell can be a much more straight-forward process. “Basically, we sell when we're uncomfortable with the valuation, we sell when we're uncomfortable with operating performance, and we sell the entire position when we're uncomfortable with both. That's the good sell.
“The bad sell,” he adds, “is when you find your investment thesis is violated right at the quarter’s end, at the same time as everybody else, because it immediately impacts the price of the stock. You have to have a clear thesis and a discipline of selling when the thesis is broken, and the best-case scenario is to make that assessment and make your move before anyone else does.”
Where are we in the market cycle?
Pinpointing where the market is in the current cycle has proven particularly challenging due to the wide range of global and domestic economic issues that factor into the equation. Add into that the current sticky inflation factor that the Fed is fighting.
“What makes it worse from the Fed’s perspective,” explained Lauber, “is that the economy is in very good shape.” He pointed out that corporate and consumer balance sheets, wage growth and the labor market have had strong, albeit slightly volatile numbers. Because all are good indicators of a healthy economy, “it makes it even harder for the Fed to fight inflation,” said Lauber.
The potential for a recession is still a factor to consider. If the healthy economy becomes too good resulting in the Fed to increase rates instead of reducing, it could slow the economy and cause a recession.
Lauber must take all those factors into consideration in selecting stocks for the Fund. “What we're looking for are those stocks that are affected by that confusion or being priced like we're going into recession, stocks that provide the opportunity for improved returns but with low expectations for that possibility.
“When valuation spreads compress and more companies have similar valuations, then it becomes very important to look at the operating factors and really lean on the analysts to use their framework to decrease the number of names. It's not always intuitive. You really have to look at the history of how each individual stock and each sector has been impacted by macro factors. What we like to do in the value stock space is to try to determine what is different in this cycle. Then we have to determine which industry or which company is going to be better off when the economy begins to recover.”
The key is to identify those companies before the rest of the market catches on. And that passion for beating the competition to the punch is a trait that’s baked into Lauber’s DNA.
See more on Thrivent Large Cap Value Fund.